Jogo do Bicho, Brazil’s most popular yet unofficial lottery game, is on the brink of becoming legal. The Brazilian government is currently discussing regulatory reforms that could bring the game into the legal fold, alongside other forms of gambling like physical casinos and horse racing. This article delves into the fascinating history of Jogo do Bicho, tracing its origins, rise, and the influential figures who have shaped its legacy.

Jogo do Bicho Started in a Zoo

Jogo do Bicho was created in 1892 by João Batista Viana Drummond, the owner of a zoo in Rio de Janeiro. To boost zoo attendance, Drummond devised a simple game where visitors could bet on which animal would be revealed behind a curtain at the end of the day. Each animal was assigned a number, and the winning number determined the payouts. The game quickly gained popularity due to its simplicity and the excitement it generated among the public.

The Rise of Bicheiros

As Jogo do Bicho grew in popularity, it attracted the attention of entrepreneurs known as “bicheiros.” These individuals began organizing the game more formally, setting up points of sale (pontos) where bets could be placed and managed. 

Bicheiros established territories within cities, each claiming their own areas and running their operations with a degree of autonomy. This territorial division helped to expand the game’s reach and solidify its presence across Brazil​.

Bicheiros’ Peak Power

During their peak, bicheiros wielded significant power and influence. They forged relationships with politicians and law enforcement officials, ensuring their operations continued without interference. In many cases, bicheiros were able to bribe police officers and government officials to turn a blind eye to their activities. This level of influence allowed them to operate with impunity and even expand their criminal enterprises into other areas, such as slot machines and bingo parlors.

The Rise of Online Gaming and Jogo do Bicho

With the advent of online gaming, Jogo do Bicho found a new platform. Several game studios have developed digital versions of Jogo do Bicho, capitalizing on its popularity and the fact that no one owns the rights to the game. 

These online adaptations often feature enhanced graphics and interactive elements, attracting a new generation of players while preserving the game’s traditional appeal. The flexibility to innovate has enabled these studios to keep the game fresh and engaging in the digital era.

Upcoming Regulation

Brazil is on the cusp of significant regulatory changes that could legalize physical casinos, horse racing, and Jogo do Bicho. The government is considering comprehensive legislation to regulate these forms of gambling, which would bring Jogo do Bicho into the legal market. Legalization would provide numerous benefits, including increased tax revenue, improved player protections, and greater oversight to ensure fair play. 

As Brazil moves towards these regulatory reforms, Jogo do Bicho stands on the threshold of a new era, poised to transition from an informal, yet beloved, pastime to a regulated and officially recognized game​.